Glucosamine & Chondroitin Capsules

Product Name: Yesnutri Glucosamine & Chondroitin Capsules Pack Size: 100 Capsules Place of Origin: America Composition: Each capsule contains: Chondroitin sulfate 400mg Citirus bioflavonoids 15mg Glucosamine HCI 500mg Direction: Adults take 1 cpasule 3 times daily or as recommended by physicians Description: This product is suitable for people who concerned about joints. What is Glucosamine? Glucosamine is an amino sugar which exists in our body in form of proteoglycan (PG). [1-3] Proteoglycan is found in articular cartilage and other connective tissue. [1-3] Its viscoelastic property keeps high amounts of water in cartilage, and makes glucosamine a key component of articular cartilage. [1-3] Glucosamine commonly exists as Glucosamine Sulfate or Glucosamine Hydrochloride. [27] It is commercially available with Collagen, Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM), Bioflavonoids or other dietary supplements, to restore damaged joints, reduce degeneration of cartilage tissue and helps in maintaining normal joints. [1-22, 24, 26]   Normal Articular Cartilage and its functions Cartilage provides a low-friction surface that covers the ends of the bones. [2, 7-8] It has viscoelastic properties that provide lubrication during motions, shock absorbency, and load support. [2, 7-8] Hence, normal and healthy articular cartilage enable smooth joint movement, prevents damage of bone by friction and weight, and stabilizes position of bones & joints. [2, 7-8]   Why we need Glucosamine & Collagen? Cartilage is mainly composed of water, which decreases with age. About 85% of cartilage is water in young people, while it drops to about 70% water in older people. [9] With decrease of water content, the cartilage will start to get hard. That explains why joint movements usually become less smooth when aged. [2, 7, 9] Injury or degenerative joint disease, e.g. osteoarthritis (OA), will accelerate the damage or erosion of cartilage tissue and loss of water. [1-22, 24, 26]  Eventually, cartilages will be destroyed and loss its functions. [1-22, 24, 26] Without the protection from cartilage, the ends of the bone within joints will have bony overgrowth and often inflamed due to the body response to the damage. [3, 8]  Consequently, the joints appear larger, and the patients would have stiff and painful joints. [1-5, 8-22, 24, 26] Deficiency of Glucosamine and Collagen: Osteoporosis [20] Adhesive capsulitis [21] Hip osteoarthritis [1, 3-4, 7, 10, 19] Sport injuries and ligament inflammation [8, 10] Lumbar spine dislocation [ 9] Degeneration of spinal column, vertebral bone and knee [1-3, 6-19, 24, 26] Stiff and pain of joint [1-3, 6-19, 24, 26] Inflammation of fingers and hand waist [ 21] Joint pain due to over-working [7, 8] Varicose veins [23] Promote blood circulation [ 9]   Significant effects observed for continued intake of 3 to 6 months or above*: Reduce pain, inflammation and swelling [1-3, 8-19, 24, 26] Enhance recovery of articular cartilage and slow down cartilage degeneration [1-3, 7-19, 26] Supplement for synovial fluid [3, 8] Strengthen the flexibility of joints [1-3, 7-19, 24, 26] Enhance the walking ability [1-3, 7-19, 24, 26] Promote wound healing [20, 22] Formulas recommended by doctors Glucosamine Sulfate 500mg, Collagen Hydrolysate (Porcine) 250mg Recommended daily dose: Please consult your family doctor. *Duration of treatment lasts for 3-6 months (suitable for moderate-to-severe-pain patients) [24] References: Biggee BA, Mcalindon T. 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Clinical efficacy and safety over two years use of glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, their combination, celecoxib or placebo taken to treat osteoarthritis of the knee: a GAIT report. Arthritis & Rheumatism. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010 August; 69(8): 1459–1464. Clegg DO, Reda DJ, Williams HJ. et al. Glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, and the two in combination for painful knee osteoarthritis. N Engl J Med. 2006 Feb 23;354(8):795-808. Wildi ML, Raynauld JP, Pelletier JP et al. Chondroitin sulphate reduces both cartilage volume loss and bone marrow lesions in knee osteoarthritis patients starting as early as 6 months after initiation of therapy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study using MRI. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011; 70: 982-989. Jordan KM, Arden NK, Doherty M et al. (December 2003). 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